CHAPTER 14 ( Writing a Classification Essay )

 

                              Classification writing is a widespread type of at colleges and universities. Some schools also practice giving students the task of composing a classification on one or several topics. This is a good way of organizing objects, materials or any other data using simple method of classification. This type allows you to rank a number of objects under several titles so that you can communicate with a person using the classification titles. You should include the definition of any process you are going to research. Classification is a system of grouping objects of study or observation in accordance with their common traits. A well-composed classification shows how well you understand its notion, functions and overall role for the research field. Being more or less conventional (respectively to the subject that fulfills it and its perception of “common signs”), the classification could help simplify the communication of people using it (if the perception of “common signs” is quite common). For example, in your paper you can use the concept of monotone function without having to apply each time to the definition that makes this a subset of the functions from multiple functions in general. Such classification can be taken into consideration when choosing an appropriate topic for your paper. The basis of classification that is for a person to use is referring objects to the different categories. What you need is to give your paper topic and instructions, in order to help writers make sense of large or complex sets of things. 

CHAPTER 13 ( Comparison and Contrast )

 

                      In this chapter an author is talking about comparison and contrasts the subjects which will help you first to determine and decide which similarities, in order to make the results more clarity, by analyzing, explaining, and describing. The goal of comparing and contrasting is to help the readers understand the topics, explore what is the point. To help achieve this there are keys have to be used, starting from knowing your reader, how to help readers use the information, what they know about the subject, and what they should know. Comparing subject’s show how they are similar, while contrasting them show how they are different, what I can see in this chapter that when you reflect on similarities and differences, you gain a deeper understanding of the items you are comparing, their relationship to each other, and what is most important about them. 

CHAPTER 12 ( Cause and Effect )

 

                                The cause and effect essay explains the reasons of the event or interprets the consequences of the event. You may open your essay with a well-known outcome or situation and study what caused such a result. Another way of starting such an essay is to describe some event and then analyze its consequences. Many students find difficulty in differentiating cause and effect. If you want to define the cause of something, ask yourself “why”. Ask yourself “what” and you will determine the effect. The preparatory stage of writing this essay suggests your determining causes and effects. There may be too many causes for you to cover in your essay and you are to choose the main for presenting them in the scope of your writing. You should explain the reader that there are some other minor reasons not covered in your essay. It is important to decide whether you are writing to inform or to persuade the reader and accordingly choose your writing style, I advise to concentrate only on the most recent and direct causes (effects). Using supporting information will strengthen your essay. Feel free to provide the reader with facts, give examples. You may finish your cause and effect essay with a call for action. 

CHAPTER 11 ( Description and Reflection )

 

                      When writing a reflection essay, keep to the basic rules of five paragraph essay; give an introductory paragraph that tells about the author, the document, and the issue or issues you will develop. Develop your idea by dividing it into several important points and, therefore, into several paragraphs, give solid background information. You can either put it into separate paragraphs, or weave into writing. Use topic sentences, identify and comment on specific issues addressed in the selected text, give examples, answer the five: who, what, where, who, and when, provide some sense of the importance of this writing for your own faith development. Use good sentence structure, avoid sentence fragments and fused sentences. Descriptive essay strive to create a deeply involved and vivid experience for the reader. Great descriptive essays achieve this affect not through facts and statistics but by using detailed observation and descriptions. There’s one thing we should remember as when we write our descriptive essay that we have to show the different between showing and telling. 

CHAPTER 10 ( Narration and Decription )

 

                          Description lists the appearance, smell, mood, or other characteristics of something. Descriptive text might account the appearance of a person (he had blue eyes, a big nose, and curly brown hair), or the details of a location, or some other element that lets you immerse yourself into the story. Descriptive text adds the details that help you visualize the characters and events in your mind's eye. It — quite literally — describes a person, place, or thing. Narration is the act of giving an account. The narrator is the person or entity within a story that tells the story to the reader. The ability to describe something convincingly will serve a writer well in any kind of essay situation. The most important thing to remember is that your job as writer is to show, not tell. If you say that the tree is beautiful, your readers are put on the defensive: "Wait a minute," they think. "We'll be the judge of that! Show us a beautiful tree and we'll believe." Do not rely, then, on adjectives that attempt to characterize a thing's attributes. Lovely, exciting, interesting – these are all useful adjectives in casual speech or when we're pointing to something that is lovely, etc., but in careful writing they don't do much for us; in fact, they sound hollow. Let nouns and verbs do the work of description for you. With nouns, your readers will see; with verbs, they will feel. In the following paragraph, taken from George Orwell's famous anti-imperialist essay, "Shooting an Elephant," see how the act of shooting the elephant delivers immense emotional impact. What adjectives would you expect to find in a paragraph about an elephant? big? grey? Loud? Enormous? Do you find them here? Watch the verbs, instead. Notice, too, another truth about description: when time is fleeting, slow down the prose. See how long the few seconds of the shooting can take in this paragraph.

CHAPTER 9 ( Form of College Writing )

 

                         In this chapter on the three divisions into which most college curricula is divided, the departments of and types of writing in each division. The three curricular divisions are humanities, social sciences and natural and applied sciences. To name a few examples, Humanities is made up of departments such as archeology, dance, English, history, religion and woman’s studies. Social science is made of departments such as criminology, genetics, government and psychology. Natural and applied sciences are made up of departments such as anatomy, biology, computer science, and zoology. By showing a few examples of each division, you can tell that humanities focus more on human culture, cultural trends and religion; social sciences studies human behavior and societies, while natural and applied sciences focus the aspects of nature. This chapter also briefly shows you what types and traits of writing take place in each division. 

CHAPTER 8 ( ONE WRITER'S PROCESS )

 

                    Writing is a process that involves at least four distinct steps: prewriting, drafting, revising, and editing. It is known as a recursive process. While you are revising, you might have to return to the prewriting step to develop and expand your ideas. Prewriting is anything you do before you write a draft of your document. It includes thinking; taking notes, talking to others, brainstorming, outlining, and gathering information, although prewriting is the first activity you engage in, generating ideas is an activity that occurs throughout the writing process. Drafting occurs when you put your ideas into sentences and paragraphs. Here you concentrate upon explaining and supporting your ideas fully. Here you also begin to connect your ideas. Regardless of how much thinking and planning you do, the process of putting your ideas in words changes them; often the very words you select evoke additional ideas or implications. Don't pay attention to such things as spelling at this stage. This draft tends to be writer-centered: it is you telling yourself what you know and think about the topic. Revision is the key to effective documents. Here you think more deeply about your readers' needs and expectations. The document becomes reader-centered. How much support will each idea need to convince your readers? Which terms should be defined for these particular readers? Is your organization effective? Do readers need to know X before they can understand Y? At this stage you also refine your prose, making each sentence as concise and accurate as possible. Make connections between ideas explicit and clear. Editing Check for such things as grammar, mechanics, and spelling. The last thing you should do before printing your document is to spell checks it. Don't edit your writing until the other steps in the writing process are complete.

CHAPTER 7 ( Submitting Writing and Creating Portfolio )

 

                        Submitting a final paper is the driving force behind writing, it explain why you may have spent so much time planning, drafting, and revising any essay or a paper in the first place to express your feeling and thoughts, the most important form of submitting is sharing a finished piece of writing with your instructor and writing peers, and it also the most helpful, you have to make sure to format your writing, which mean a good page design makes your writing clear and easy to follow, the submission method is appropriate for assignment, program, and goals, and its develop the skills, may this chapter show you how to prepare your writing for any audience.

CHAPTER 6 ( Editing and Proofreading )

 

                      In this chapter an author is talking about the Editing and proofreading. When you must prepare your writing, you must edit and proofread your revised writing so that it speaks clearly and accurately. When you edit, look first for words, phrases, checking for sentences style, avoid these sentence problems that sounds unclear. When you proofread, check your writing for spelling, and grammar errors. The Editing and proofreading are the second step after revising to look for any errors. I think that will help you avoiding mistakes and look over again. 

CHAPTER 5 ( Revising )

 

                       In this chapter an author is talking about revising. Good writing almost always requires revising which help the writer to first drafts until he says exactly what he mean, examine your ideas, examine your thoughts. to prepare your writing effectively and carries out your message you advise to connect your ideas before you writing to determine what can be changed, what need to be added, what information needed to be appear, in order to get appropriate feedback and better respond . 

CHAPTER 4 ( Drafting )

 

                      In this chapter the author is describes a draft as a way of getting material together, and connecting ideas, and also he describes the steps in which you plan out the essay structure and the main writing moves that occur during the development of a piece of writing, in every essay you need to have the beginning, middle, and end. At the beginning it’s important to engage your reader, identify the topic, and get to the point, at the middle you need to cover your main points, raise questions, build interest, and clarify your main point, at the end you need to be able to remind the reader of the purpose, and gain the reader acceptance. Working through the previous steps helps you to find out what you want you’re writing to do, what you want it to say, and how you want to say it.

CHAPTER 3 ( Planning )

 

                         When you plan an essay, you have two basic thinking objectives (1) establish a thesis or focus for your writing, and (2) organize the supporting information you can approach the composition of an essay using a number of different writing strategies. Some people like to start writing and wait to see what develops. Others work up scraps of ideas until they perceive a shape emerging. However, if you are in any doubt at all, it's a good idea to plan your work. The task of writing is usually much easier if you create a set of notes which outline the points you are going to make. Using this approach, you will create a basic structure on which your ideas can be built. 2. Plan this is a part of the essay-writing process which is best carried out using plenty of scrap paper. Get used to the idea of shaping and re-shaping your ideas before you start writing, editing and rearranging your arguments as you give them more thought. Planning on-screen using a word-processor is possible, but it's a fairly advanced technique. 3. Analyze the question Make sure you understand what the question is asking for. What is it giving you the chance to write about? What is its central issue? Analyze any of its key terms and any instructions. If you are in any doubt, ask your tutor to explain what is required. 4. Generate ideas you need to assemble ideas for the essay. On a first sheet of paper, make a note of anything which might be relevant to your answer. These might be topics, ideas, observations, or instances from your study materials. Put down anything you think of at this stage. 

CHAPTER 2 ( Beginning the Writing Process )

 

                   Here you will be able to produce essays and papers that reflect your best thinking through the following: understand the rhetorical situation subject and form, audience-who they are, what they know,and what they need,purpose of the writing,and main action, in order to develop writing that meets the needs, make decision, finding suitable subject and explain what main action you must perform.

CHAPTER 1 ( Critical Thinking )

 

                     The writer must always develop his text with awareness of reader’s perspective, and has to know firsthand what good reading is.We need to think through viewing, to read image actively, and to interpret what is meant by an image, viewing image will be using to identify the general impression and relate the image parts to one another.Critical thinking through writing must show the ability of thinking critically, be curious and ask why, what is creative, focus, and get involved.Thats will lead the audience to understand effectively.

My first time at Chiang Mai Zoo

"My First Time At Chiang Mai Zoo"

 

         When asking people about their favorite place, it could be somewhere cool , 
nice , quiet , scenic or memorable.For me the first place that comes to mind is The Chiang
Mai Zoo in my country (Thailand).

                      Chiang Mai Zoo is organized under the patronage of His Majesty the king of 

Thailand, was established in 1974 by Mr. Harold Mason Young. It has an area of more than 

200 acres, house more than 8,000 animals in an evergreen environment comprising two 
waterfalls , reservoirs  , an open camping spots and animal bleeding areas.

                      My first visit to this zoo was when I 15 years old. I went there with my parent 
during our family holiday. At this time Chiang Mai Zoo was a pride for this province and a 
center for displaying animals from the Northern in Thailand hemisphere. However, when I 
got older, I rarely paid a visit. Because this place was for families or little kids, not suitable
for teenagers like me.

                      In 2004, I returned to Chiang Mai Zoo again because this place had new
animals. It's the Giant Panda. The government of China gave a couple giant panda as a 
friendship ambassador and to celebrated her Majesty the Queen's 6 cycle birthday anniversary.
At that time was new kind of animal for Thai people. I was so exciting to see the real giant 
panda for the first time in my life. I was walking and wondering around for an hour before. 
I reached my destination, the giant panda's cage.

 









                    

                             I just laid down on a place of lawn and watched many parents seeing and 

exciting with giant panda. Since The Chiang Mai Zoo was a public zoo an admission fee 
was relatively cheap so that everybody could come and learn about animal no matter how 
rich or poor. Also, this zoo had the Twilight Zoo which mean it opened at night. My parents 
and I were exciting and enjoying about the zoo too. I saw my mom pointed at running deers. 
I heard a tour guide giving a brief explanation about history of Giant Panda from China to
his followers.

                      It was a fun exploration and observation day in my childhood. It gave me a 
wonderful experience and knowledge about my native animals as well as other country's icon
animal such as panda from China, penguin from South Pole and Elephant from Thailand. I 
will always keep this place in my memory.     

                                     Worachai Tungsawangwong

                                             (Writer)